Advancing Care in Post-Stroke Spasticity
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1. When do – so called “downstream complications” like – muscle shortening, contractures in joints involved and nociceptive pain during stretch of spastic muscles due to development of spasticity typically occur?
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2. With respect to the national and international guidelines and recommendations, what do you recommend when the multiprofessional team (MPT: nurses, physio- and occupational therapists) complain about early signs of spasticity with ankle clonus, flexor spasms and flexor synergies in the upper and pes equinovarus disfigurement in the lower limb that hinders them to start early mobilization to standing in a stroke survivor?
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
3. What is “Early Botulinum Neurotoxin treatment” in spasticity post stroke ?
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
4. Which cerebral-MRI results in stroke patients positively correlate with the development of chronic disabling spasticity? Mark all correct.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
5. Which method of guidance technic is recommended for Botulinum Neurotoxin injections in deep seated and small muscles? Mark all correct.
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
6. Which adjunctive therapy to Botulinum Neurotoxin management of spasticity is recommended? Mark all correct.
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
7. What are the known published clinical risk factors or predictors in the first three month following stroke for the development of chronic disabling spasticity?
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This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it will be reviewed and possibly adjusted after submission.
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
8. Estimated prevalence of Post-Stroke-Spasticity (measured as Modified Ashworth Scale >0) increases with post-stroke survival time. Please use the published estimated prevalence to explain in how many stroke survivors (%) on the stroke unit and acute ward (first month), in post acute rehabilitation phase (1-3 month) and chronic stage (6-12 month following stroke) you expect to find with mild stiffness due to spasticity (MAS <2) in a cohort the first year following stroke and how many with disabling or severe spasticity in the chronic phase at 6 month (MAS>1+).
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This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it will be reviewed and possibly adjusted after submission.
Grading can be reviewed and adjusted.Grading can be reviewed and adjusted. -
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
9. Looking to the clinical spastic upper limb pattern, what muscles would be adequate to inject with Botulinum Neurotoxin to relief the flexor pattern in the elbow in this patient? Mark all correct.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
10. This chronic stroke survivor complain about pain in the foot/big toe when wearing shoes and instability during walking without an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) and pain in the ankle when wearing the AFO. Which muscles would be adequate to inject with Botulinum Neurotoxin to relief the complaints of this patient?
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